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difficult debts. Wild waters.
5. Using A Lawyer
YOU CAN TRY asking your lawyer to send the debtor a letter.
The idea is to startle the debtor into paying. This
sometimes works.
Sometimes a lawyer is willing to write a letter that begins
like this: "We act on behalf of Minimax Circuits Pty Ltd. We
are instructed that you are indebted to our client to the
amount of $1200."
And it ends something like this:
"We advise that if the sum of $1200 is not received by our
office within fourteen days of the date hereof, our client
will issue proceedings against you for that sum without
further notice to you."
Your lawyer hasn't insisted on knowing what the matter is
about. He (or she) just sends out a letter. Even so, a
letter like this isn't free. Make sure you know how much
it's going to cost. And weigh that against the size of the
debt. And think about the psychology of the debtor: is he
used to getting letters like this? Will he just shrug?
If you want to use this technique regularly, you may be able
to work out a deal with a lawyer. A bulk rate. But usually
you'll get the same kind of reaction you'd get from a doctor
if you phoned up and asked for a prescription for
double-strength penicillin, without saying what your
symptoms were. He'd want you to come in and be examined
first. Similarly, lawyers didn't spend all those years in
law school to be asked to write letters without getting any
background.
From the evidence I have, the success rate for a straight
lawyer's letter isn't too high. (But as one lawyer told me:
"It depends on the nature of the debt and to whom it is
owed. Obviously, if the debtor thinks he has a good defense
the letter will draw no instructive response...")
But if you continue to the next step, and get your lawyer to
send a summons, that often does the trick -- especially for
a debt that's only a couple of thousand dollars. Your
expenses have gone up, though: there are some court costs,
more lawyer's time, and the cost of getting the summons
served. Worse yet, if your lawyer insists on getting stuck
into the case and finding out what it's about, you could be
up for hundreds of dollars just to get a summons served.
Remember, we're talking about trying to startle the debtor
into paying. You realize it's not economic to carry the
legal process any further: the sum you're chasing is too
small, or you suspect the debtor hasn't got much money
anyway. You're hoping to jolt the debtor into issuing you a
check (and probably put off paying someone else). Shock
tactics.
If the debtor doesn't pay when he gets a summons, then --
if you wish to -- you can normally just let the matter die.
You don't have to list the action for trial.
If the debtor wants to be difficult -- or stand on some high
principles -- he can list the matter for trial himself.
(But as you might imagine, this doesn't often happen.) A
slight danger is that the debtor will later apply to the
court to have your action formally dismissed (for 'want of
prosecution'). This makes it extremely hard, or expensive,
to sue him for the debt later, if you discover he actually
has some money. Also, the court may 'award costs' in the
debtor's favor -- so you'll get a bill for some part of the
debtor's costs in getting the action dismissed. And you have
to pay it.
In short, matters are not always 100% under control, even
when you only threaten legal action. But as you'll see in
the next section, if you decide to drive the legal process
all the way to the court, your steering wheel can snap off
completely.
When You Expect To Go To Court
TWO important points, right away:
1. Ask your lawyer to request a pre-hearing conference at
the court. Ask him to do it as soon as he can. If the
pre-hearing conference is granted, it usually speeds things
up. And it can save you a lot of money in legal fees and
court costs. More on this later.
2. Check that the debtor will be able to pay you when you
win your case. (Don't expect the lawyer to check on this.)
If necessary, hire a private investigator. Find out somehow!
There is no point spending money -- and your time -- to get
a court judgment, only to find out the debtor can't pay
you.
How To Save Some Money On Lawyers' Fees
IF YOU LEARN to behave like a lawyer's ideal client, your
bills will be lower.
Don't present your lawyer with a half-crazed story, full of
sound and fury but with no legal value in it. First write
out what happened, in full detail. Get it typed. Make sure
it's very clear.
When you get to a point in the story that you can
substantiate with a document, refer to the document in the
text. ("See the Contract, document A.") Put all these
documents in order, with the story on top, send them to your
lawyer and ask him to read them.
After he's done that, then make an appointment to see him.
You'll be amazed at the difference this makes. The meeting
will go fast and smoothly. The lawyer will ask you about any
points that aren't quite clear from the papers you gave
him.
From then on, keep in mind that your object is to get the
debtor to pay you. Don't get so wrapped up in the
proceedings that it becomes a mission to punish the debtor.
Anywhere in the proceedings, the debtor's lawyer may suggest
a compromise. Think very carefully before you turn it down.
Your legal costs will never be any less.
The more you can bury your pride and anger, and see the
whole business as a procedure, the more likely you'll come
out ahead. It also means less time spent talking to your
lawyer about what amounts to your emotional reactions to the
whole business. He'll listen to your problems, and guide you
away from irrational decisions -- but it will cost you.
Keep your cool. Treat it like a game of chess.
The statistics are good: less than 10% of the Magistrates'
Court summonses for debts ever go to trial or to arbitration
at the court. The rest are settled before they get that
far.
What The Lawyer Is Thinking
YOUR LAWYER doesn't want you to hit the roof when you get
his bill. So if you're just chasing a few thousand dollars,
he probably hopes that the debtor will make some acceptable
offer before the trial. He knows this would be to your
advantage. Your legal costs would probably then be
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